Influence of drug/lipid interaction on the entrapment efficiency of isoniazid in liposomes for antitubercular therapy: a multi-faced investigation

Isoniazid (INH) is one of the primary drugs used in tuberculosis treatment and its encapsulation liposomal vesicles can both improve therapeutic index minimize toxicity. Here we consider mixtures hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylglycerol (HSPC–DPPG) to get novel biocompatible liposomes for INH delivery. We determined efficiency by coupling first time UV Laser Transmission Spectroscopy showed that HSPC–DPPG load more than expected from simple geometrical arguments, thus suggesting presence drug-lipid association. To focus on this aspect, which has never been explored formulations, employed several complementary techniques, such as dynamic static light scattering, calorimetry surface pressure measurements lipid monolayers. find INH-lipid interaction increases entrapment capability due adsorption. Moreover, preferential INH-HSPC dipole–dipole promotes modification ordering, favoring formation HSPC-richer domains excess DPPG. Our findings highlight how investigating fundamental aspects interactions paramount importance optimal design nanocarriers.